https://www.servethehome.com/virtualization-long-history/

We may imagine the digital cloud as placeless, mute, ethereal, and unmediated. Yet the reality of the cloud is embodied in thousands of massive data centers, any one of which can use as much electricity as a midsized town. Even all these data centers are only one small part of the cloud. Behind that cloud-shaped icon on our screens is a whole universe of technologies and cultural norms, all working to keep us from noticing their existence. In this book, Tung-Hui Hu examines the gap between the real and the virtual in our understanding of the cloud.

Hu shows that the cloud grew out of such older networks as railroad tracks, sewer lines, and television circuits. He describes key moments in the prehistory of the cloud: the game “Spacewar” as exemplar of time-sharing computers to Cold War bunkers that were later reused as data centers. Countering the popular perception of a new “cloudlike” political power that is dispersed and immaterial, Hu argues that the cloud grafts digital technologies onto older ways of exerting power over a population.

But because we invest the cloud with cultural fantasies about security and participation, we fail to recognize its militarized origins and ideology. Moving between the materiality of the technology itself and its cultural rhetoric, Hu’s account offers a set of new tools for rethinking the contemporary digital environment (Abstract, MITpress, mod.).

https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262029513.001.0001

http://public.dhe.ibm.com/s390/zos/vse/pdf3/gse2012/mainz/GS11_45_Years_of_Mainframe_Virtualization.pdf

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Der Beitrag skizziert, wie Windows 3.0 Windows, DOS und Virtualisierung vereinigte und dadurch einen Beitrag zur Popularisierung von EDV leistete.

https://www.tech-insider.org/windows/research/1990/06.html

aus: Byte 15 (1990), n.p.

#virtual

https://lwn.net/Articles/705160/

#virtual

This article describes the historical context, technical challenges, and main implementation techniques used by VMware Workstation to bring virtualization to the x86 architecture in 1999. Virtual machine monitors (VMMs) had been around for decades. They were traditionally designed as part of monolithic, single-vendor architectures with explicit support for virtualization. In contrast, the x86 architecture lacked virtualization support. The industry around it had disaggregated into an ecosystem, with different vendors controlling the computers, CPUs, peripherals, operating systems, and applications, none of them asking for virtualization. […]

VMware Workstation combined a hosted architecture with a VMM. The hosted architecture enabled a simple user experience and offered broad hardware compatibility. Rather than exposing I/O diversity to the virtual machines, VMware Workstation also relied on software emulation of I/O devices. The VMM combined a trap-and-emulate direct execution engine with a system-level dynamic binary translator. So it efficiently virtualizes the x86 architecture and support most commodity operating systems (Abstract, modified).

Das Paper beleuchtet die Geschichte von IBMs Virtual Machine seit den 1960er Jahren. Es ist nach Jahrzehnten gegliedert und betrachtet die Entwicklung von CP/CMS bis z/VM.

Melinda Varians grundlegendes Paper über die Geschichte von IBMs Virtual Machine greift auf Interviews und persönliche Erfahrungen zurück. Die Darstellung ist an ein Fachpublikum gerichtetet und daher als Einstiegsliteratur nur eingeschränkt geeignet.